Mokhabiso o sebetsang oa lehae - pelargonium e nkhang hamonate
Barati ba bang ba lipalesa tse ka tlung ba ferekanya mabitso a pelargonium e nkhang hamonate le geranium e nkhang hamonate mme ba bitsa pelargonium geranium. Pele ho hlaha karohano ea Carl Linnaeus, ho bile le phehisano e ngata mabapi le hore na limela tsena tse peli li ka reoa joang le hore na li ka nkoa li amana. Ebile, ka lebaka la rasaense e moholo, e: ho se ho fumanoe hore ka bobeli ke ba lelapa la geranium.
Ho na le ho tšoana ho itseng ho li-pistils, makhasi, stems, tlhokomelo le tlhokomelo, esita le mofuta oa monko o monate oa limela tsena. Empa ka nako e ts'oanang, ho tšela pakeng tsa bona ho ke ke ha khoneha ka mabaka a 'maloa. Sehloohong sena re tla u joetsa ka likarolo tsa monko o monate oa pelargonium.
Tlhaloso ea botanical, nalane ea semelo, theko
Pelargonium e tlisitsoe Europe ho tsoa Afrika Boroa ke bahoebi ba pele ba tsoang Lefatsheng la Khale, ba anngoeng ke palesa ea eona e tlokomang le monko o monate o makatsang. Semela sena se ile sa tseba ho ikamahanya le tlelaemete eo se iphumaneng se le ho sona, mme mefuta e meng e bile ea ikamahanya le bophelo tšimong e batang haholo mohatsela o futhumetseng oa Russia.
Lebitso la lipalesa la lipalesa - Pelargonium tombolens... Ke semela se sa feleng sa herbaceous kapa semi-shrub se nang le metso e tsoetseng pele. Kutu e na le makala, e otlolohile kapa e hahabang. Makhasi a koahetsoe ka palema, a botala bo khanyang, a koahetsoe ke villi, eo ha a angoa, a ntšang monko o ikhethang o ts'oanang le monko oa sirilamunu, ginger, linale tsa phaene, rosa, koena, perekisi, nutmeg, apole, rantipole. Lipalesa li nyenyane, ha li na monko, tsa mebala e fapa-fapaneng, li bokelloa ka li-inflorescence tse bōpehileng joaloka sekhele. E thunya ka seoelo.
TLHOKOMELO SEHLOHOSemela se atile haholo, o ka reka pelargonium e nkhang hamonate ka lebenkeleng la lipalesa le litsing tsa seterateng. Theko ha se hangata e nyolohang kaholimo ho li-ruble tse 250 bakeng sa morung o monyane.
Mefuta e fapaneng ea mefuta
Ho fihlela joale, mefuta e ka bang 400 ea pelargonium e se e ruiloe, ha e iketselitsoe e na le mefuta e 'meli e meholo:
- sehlahla - se tlase ebile se tlokoma;
- ampelous - ka letlobo le lelelele.
Mefuta e tsebahalang haholo ea pelargonium e nkhang hamonate:
- sirilamunu (Mabel Gray) - Pelargonium e nang le monko oa lemon oa makhasi le lipalesa tsa lipalesa tse pinki le tse pherese;
- apole (Apple Cider) - compact pelargonium e nang le lipalesa tse nyane haholo, tse bokelletsoeng ka "likhele";
- ka monko o monate (Lady Plymouth) - semela se nang le makhasi a botala bo bobebe ka moeli o mosoeu le lipalesa tse nyane tse tšoeu;
- ka monko oa caramel le rose (Candy Dancer) - lipalesa tsa hae li nyane, li pinki e bobebe ka mahlaseli a lefifi kapa a masoeu ka pherese;
- ka perekisi le monko o monate (Mons Ninon) - varietal pelargonium ea sehlopha sa Unicum, lipalesa tse krimsone-lamunu tse nang le methapo ea burgundy, e ikutloa e le betere haholo serapeng ho feta ka foleteng;
- le monko oa koena (Pungent Peppermint) - mefuta e fapaneng e nang le lipalesa tse nyane tse pinki, e holileng lapeng le serapeng;
- ka monko o monate o chesang kapa o chesang (Champagne e pinki) - pelargonium e nang le makhasi a chitja le lipalesa tse 'mala o sekareleta tse pinki;
- ka monko oa lengana kapa nutmeg (Fragrans Variegated) - o na le lipalesa tse nyenyane tse tšoeu le makhasi a bonolo a nang le likhahla tse khanyang;
- e nang le monko o monate oa mint (Filicifolium) - makhasi a sehiloe ka matla, a boreleli, a mahlahahlaha, lipalesa tse nyane, a masoeu ka mahlaseli a pherese.
Setšoantšo
Sheba linepe tse ling tsa mefuta e fapaneng ea pelargonium e nkhang hamonate.
Ho folisa thepa
Palesa ena e na le litšoaneleho tse ngata tse molemo. Makhasi a Pelargonium a na le:
- manyolo acid;
- lioli tsa bohlokoa;
- lithane;
- li-glycosides;
- boroku;
- starch;
- flavonoids;
- li-pectin;
- phytoncides;
- lehoakhoa;
- lithane;
- khalsiamo;
- li-coumarin;
- saponins.
Pelargonium esale e tsejoa ka bokhoni ba eona ba ho khutsisa tsamaiso ea methapo. Ka tlung moo sehlahla sena se nkhang hamonate se lulang teng, likhohlano li qhoma hangata. Ka ofising, pelargonium e tla thusa ho boloka matla.
Makhasi a Pelargonium a na le bactericidal, analgesic, antispasmodic, absorbable, decongestant, emollient, immunomodulating, hemostatic le maqeba a ho folisa maqeba, a thusa ka hlooho le nko. Lero la lekhasi le nkhang hamonate la Pelargonium le ka sebelisoa ho phekola otitis media ka lihlooho.
Pelargonium oli e nkhang hamonate e sebelisoa ho phekola khatello ea mali, lefu la tsoekere, ho hloka thari le matšoao a PMS. Ho lekane ho lahlela marotholi a 'maloa ka sekotlolo sa lebone la monko o monate ebe o bonesa kerese, ekaba ka bateng, kapa kopanya 7 g ea oli ea Pelargonium le 30 g ea oli ea mantlha le sililoa.
Monko oa pelargonium e nkhang hamonate e na le thepa ea likokoanyana: ho hlokometsoe hore haeba palesa ena e lula fensetereng, menoang e ke ke ea iteta sefuba ho kena ka phapusing. Matsatsing a khale, linta tsa hlooho li ne li phekoloa ka decoction ea makhasi a pelargonium. Li-sprig tsa Pelargonium ka oteropong li tla thibela tšoele ho qala.
Haeba u lema lipalesa ka kichineng, monko o sa thabiseng o tla nyamela.
Shebella video e mabapi le melemo ea pelargonium e nkhang hamonate:
Litlhaloso
Litlhaloso tse fapaneng tsa kalafo ea lithethefatsi tse tsoang semeleng sena ke:
- ho se mamellane ka bomong;
- bokhachane;
- lilemo pele ho 12 le kamora lilemo tse 70;
- seso sa mpa;
- khatello e tlase;
- gastritis.
U ka lema kae hona joang?
Monko o monate Pelargonium ke semela se ikokobelitseng hape se lebohang haholo. E ka lengoa ho tloha ho li-cuttings tse nyane kapa peo. Pelargonium e mamella maemo a sa lokelang a ho ts'oaroa, empa e ntse e na le likhetho tsa eona tlhokomelong.
- Mabone... Morung, o fensetereng e bonesitsoeng hantle, ka bochabela kapa bophirima, o hola ka potlako mme oa thunya haholo. Ka fensetere e ka boroa, ho hlokahala shading e nyane, kapa o ka suthisa semela hanyane hole le mahlaseli a tobileng.
- Litlhoko tsa mobu... Taba ea mantlha, drainage e beoa botlaaseng ba pitsa (letsopa le atolositsoeng, litene tse robehileng kapa li-shards tse nyane) hore metsi a se ke a ema 'me metso ea pelargonium e se ke ea bola. Ebe u beha semela ka hlama ea lefats'e ebe u eketsa motsoako oa mobu bakeng sa lipalesa tsa ka tlung.
U ka itokisetsa substrate ka boeena. Ho etsa sena, nka sengoathoana se le seng sa turf, peat, humus le lehlabathe le bohareng. Motsoako o tlameha ho beoa ka ontong.
Linaheng tse nang le maemo a leholimo a futhumetseng, pelargonium e hola hantle serapeng ka lehlakoreng le chabileng la letsatsi. Maemo a ho e nosetsa, ho e faola le ho e nosetsa a ts'oana le pelargonium lapeng.
Tlhokomelo e nepahetseng ea malapeng
Ntle le maemo a mantlha a ho boloka pelargonium, ho na le lintlha tse ling tsa bohlokoa:
- Mocheso oa moea... Pelargonium ha ea lokela ho chesa haholo, e ikutloa e le ntle mochesong oa moea o ka bang + 20 ° C. Ho kenya moea ka kamoreng ho na le phello e ntle ho eona, 'me lehlabuleng u ka e rarolla ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ho loggia kapa foranteng.
- Ho nosetsa... U ka nosetsa pelargonium e nkhang hamonate ha mobu o ka pitseng o omella hanyane, empa ha ho hlokahale hore u fafatse. Palesa e khona ho bokella metsi ka kutu le mahlaku, thepa ena e thusitse semela ho phela maemong a leholimo a ommeng a Afrika Boroa.
- Pitsa... Ka pitsa e pharaletseng semela se lebisa mabotho 'ohle a sona ho nts'etsopele ea methapo, e hola butle, e lahlela letlobo le seng le sa thunye. Ka hona, ho molemo ho khetha pitsa bakeng sa pelargonium e bophara ba lisenthimithara tse 'maloa ho feta motso oa motso.
- Manyolo... Ha ho kgothaletswe ho sebelisa lintho tse ncha tsa phepo bakeng sa ho fepa; o hloka ho fepa lipalesa ka manyolo a rarahaneng a nang le naetrojene, potasiamo le phosphorus. Manyolo a sebelisoa libekeng tse ling le tse ling tse peli ho tloha mafelong a Hlakola ho isa Mphalane; mariha, ho fepa pelargonium ha ho hlokehe.
KELETSO: U lokela hape ho qoba ho kopanya manyolo haeba u sa tsoa kenya lipalesa tsena. Hoa hlokahala ho emela khoeli hore semela se ikamahanya le maemo.
- Ho faola le ho penya... Ho fa semela ponahalo e ntle e makhethe le ho eketsa palo ea letlobo, o ka penya limela tsa khale, ho seng joalo lipalesa li tla otlolla haholo.
Maloetse a tloaelehileng le tse senyang lijalo
Liphoso tse kholo tsa li-florists ha u hlokomela lipalesa tsena:
- ho feteletseng kapa, ho fapana le hoo, ho nosetsa hampe;
- mabone a fosahetseng;
- pitsa e patisaneng kapa e sephara haholo;
- ts'ebeliso ea mobu oa seterata ntle le ho o lema.
Hangata, pelargonium e angoa ke mafu a fungal a bakoang ke mongobo: bola bo botšo kapa bohlooho, mme semela le sona se ka angoa ke tse senyang lijalo.
- Bola ba kutu e ntšo, kapa leoto le letšo... Kutu ea pelargonium e fetoha e ntšo botlaaseng, ebe ts'oaetso e hasana hohle semeleng. Lefu lena le ke ke la phekoloa; le ka thibeloa feela ka ho sheba mehato ea polokeho ha u reka, u lema le ha o kenya semela se seng.
- Ho bola ho boputsoa... Palesa e putsoa e hlaha makhasi - lena ke letšoao la pele, kamora moo ho kgothaletswa ho nka mehato e latelang: emisa ho nosetsa semela, tlosa makhasi ohle a nang le ts'oaetso mme o fafatse lipalesa ka tharollo ea boitokiso ba fungicidal.
- Hoaba le lintsintsi tse tšoeu... Likokoanyana li ipata ka tlase ho makhasi ebe li ja lero la limela. Makhasi a Pelargonium a fetoha mosehla ebe oa oa. Kamora tlhahlobo, pelargonium e tlameha ho hlatsuoa ka metsi a sesepa ebe e phekoloa ka likokoanyana tse bolaeang likokonyana makhetlo a 'maloa.
Likarolo tsa ho tsoala
Semela sena se jala peo le li-cuttings. Mokhoa oa pele o thata haholo, empa o hlahisa limela tse kopaneng haholoanyane, tse kholoanyane hape li ngata haholo ka palesa.
Peo
Peo e tlameha ho lokolloa khetla e thata, e alafshoa ka epin ebe e ineloa lihora tse tharo ka metsing. Ho hlokahala ho jala peo hole le bolelele ba lisenthimithara tse 5 ho tloha ho e 'ngoe, ho e silakanya hanyane mobu ebe oe fafatsa habobebe ka lefats'e, eo lera la eona le sa lokelang ho feta 5 mm. Kamora ho jala peo, mobu oa nosetsoa mme setshelo se koahetsoe ka khalase kapa filimi... O hloka ho boloka setshelo ka phapusing e bonesitsoeng hantle ka mocheso oa moea o ka bang 20 ° C. Lipeo li hlaha libekeng tse peli, kamora moo ho khethoa, ebe limela tse nyane li kenngoa ka lipitseng tse arohaneng.
Shebella video mabapi le ho jala peo ea pelargonium:
Li-cuttings
Ho hlahisa pelargonium ka li-cuttings ha ho hloke tsebo e khethehileng le boiteko. Letlobo le nang le makhasi a 4-5 le khaola ho tloha kaholimo ho semela se phetseng hantle 'me le kenngoa metsing. Metso e hlaha kamora matsatsi a 'maloa mme semela se se se loketse ho lengoa ka pitseng e arohaneng. Lekhetlo la pele u tlameha ho e boloka sebakeng se nang le moriti 'me u nosetse mobu khafetsa.
Shebella video ka phatlalatso ea pelargonium ka li-cuttings:
Qetello
Pelargonium e nkhang hamonate ke mokhabiso oa 'nete oa ntlo le seriti sa eona, se hlahisang moea o motle le o khathollang. Esita le setsebi sa lipalesa se sa tsoa qala se ka sebetsana le tlhokomelo ea pelargonium e nkhang hamonate. Ho arabela, semela se tla fa mong'a sona monko o hlasimollang le lipalesa tse ntle.